Electric-arc lamp.



No. 801,939. PATENTED 001". 17, 1905.

E. VIALE.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 16.1904.

2 SHEETSSHEBT 1.

No. 801,939. PATENTED OCT. 17, 1905 B. VIALB. ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 16.1904.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EGIDIO VIALE, OF GROSS-LIGHTERFELDE, NEAR BERLIN, GERMANY.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAMP.

To all who/7t 7175 may concern.-

Be it known that I, EGIDIO VIAL'E, a subject of the King of Italy, and a resident of Gross- Lichterfelde, near Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia, Germany, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Electric-Arc Lamps; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to numerals of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in electric-arc lamps.

The existing forms of lamps, more especially the smaller types and those burning continuously, are, as iswell known, exposed to the injurious influence of the heat generated by the are, this being further heightened by the lack of a sufiicient circulation of air, so that very high temperatures are produced. It is, however, impossible without further precautions to enlarge any apertures that may be made in the head of the lamp beyond a certain size, as otherwise the parts of the lamp within the head would be exposed to the action of the weather.

The present invention is based on the consideration that it is essential to arrange the va rious regulating parts of the lamp as far as possible away from the electric arc and, furthermore, to construct them in the simplest possible manner, providing at the same time for a circulation of air and for the arrangement of devices for facilitating the radiation of heat.

Figure 1 of the drawings shows a sectional elevation of a lamp according to this invention, and Fig. 2 a detail of the incombustible clutch.

A tube 2, concentrically arranged on a baseplate 1, has its upper end closed by a cover 3, through the center of which passes a spindle 4, which, in conjunction with the iron core 5, a guide-tube 6, and a clamp or clutch 7, constitutes the principal movable regulating parts of the lamp and which with the attraction of one or more solenoids effect the formation and maintenance of the electric are between the electrodes 8 and 9 and at the same time serve as abrake by the compression and drawing in of the air in the chamber 10, formed by the parts'mentioned, such braking effect being produced by means of the core-carry- Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 16, 1904. Serial No. 212,874.

Patented Oct. 17, 1905.

ing plate 11, which acts as a piston, and a spring 13, attached to and surrounding the spindle 4, by the manipulation of which spring 13 through a screw 12 greater or less resistance, as desired, is offered to the braking action of the core-carrying plate 11. This arrangement obviates in a simple manner the necessity for providing a separate air-brake, since the same parts act both as a brake and as a regulator of the tension and length of 'the arc.. In the case of differential or shunt lamps it performs the third function of automatically breaking circuit for the fine-wire solenoid, the action of the piston drawing the spindle 4 down until the recess 24 is brought level with the flexible contact 14, and consequently the latter is put out of contact with the said spindle 4, thus interrupting the cur-' rent.

By turning a screw 12 the tension of the counter-spring 13 can be modified in such a manner that by means of the mechanical effect of the spring in conjunction with the magnetic influence of the solenoids the lamp can be regulated, while by means of the flexible contact 14, mounted on the insulated positive clamp of the shunt-solenoid and pressing lightly on the rod 4 while the lamp is burning, the current in the solenoid can be automatically cut off should the lamp go out from any cause. This is effected by the attraction of the solenoid,which tends to draw the regulating device consisting of the parts 4 5 6 7 downward.

As all the parts are mounted concentrically in the highest parts of the lamp and are constructed to fit very close together, it follows that the arrangement of same is itself sufficient to obviate the inconveniences of friction and jamming caused by the injurious influence of the heat, the latter being in addition radiated outward by the arrangement of the gills 16. These gills at the same time protect the interior of the lamp from the injurious effects of the weather and also by the orifices 17 in the casing 26, carrying such gills, of facilitating the production of a very powerful circulation of air. The same purpose is efiected by the orifices 18 in the pipe 2, which permit the circulation of air around the regulating device without prejudice to the breaking action and without admitting air into the globe of continuous-burning arc-lamps. In this latter case the access of air into the globe is prevented in any position by the plate 19, carrying the clamp or clutch 7, without the necessity for providing an air-tight joint for the pipe 2. The heated air and gases produced within the lamp-globe 21 make their escape through the valve 20.

In order to prevent contact between the positive electrode and the carrier of the negative electrode in the event of the latter electrode burning at an excessively rapid rate, a

spring 22 is provided with an incombustible.

clutch 23, which at the instant the electrode is consumed, and the resistance preventing the movement of the spring is consequently removed, effects the interruption of the electric arc, inasmuch as the incombustible clutch then rests upon the carrier of the negative electrode.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States of America, is-

1. In an arc-lamp, the combination with the solenoid-core and the upper carbon controlled thereby, of an air clutch chamber formed above the solenoid-core and in which the solenoid works as a plunger, so that an air-clutch is formed to break the descent of the upper carbon, a spindle extending upwardly from the solenoid-core, a spring connected at one end to the spindle, and an adjusting-screw connected to the otherend of the spring.

2. In an arc-lamp, the combination of atube formed with an air-clutch chamber at its upper end, a solenoid-coil surrounding the tube, a solenoid-core working in the tube, a plate closing the upper end of the solenoid and working tightly within the tube, a spindle extending upwardly from the plate, a spring connected at one end to the spindle, an adjusting-screw connected to the other end of the spring, and the upper carbon controlled by the core.

3. In an arc-lamp, the combination of atu be perforated intermediate its ends, a solenoidcoil surrounding the upper end of the tube, a solenoid-core movable within the tube, a guide-tube suspended from the solenoid-core, a globe top plate supported from the perforated tube and provided with a carbon-opening, and means forsupportinga carbon within the guide-tube and through the opening in the globe top plate.

4. In an arc-lamp, the combination of a tube perforated intermediate its ends, a solenoidcoil surrounding the upper end of the tube, a solenoid -core movable within the tube, a guide-tube suspended from the solenoid-core, a globe top plate supported from the perforated tube and provided with a carbonopening, and a clutch depending from the guidetube and supporting the carbon in the guidetube and through the opening in the globe top plate.

5. In an arc-lamp, the combination of a tube perforated intermediate its ends, a solenoidcoil surrounding the upper end of the tube, a solenoid-core movable within the tube, a guide-tube suspended from the solenoid-core, a globe top plate supported from the perforated tube and provided with a carbon-opening, a clutch depending from the guide-tube and supporting the carbon in the guide-tube and through the opening in the globe top plate, and means within the perforated tube and surrounding the guide-tube to prevent access of air to the globe through the carbonopening.

6. In an arc-lamp, the combination of a tube perforated intermediate its ends, a solenoidcoil surrounding the upper end of the tube, a solenoid-core movable within the tube, a guide-tube suspended from the solenoid-core, a globe top plate supported from the perforated tube and provided with a carbon-opening, a clutch depending from the guide-tube and supporting the carbon in the guide-tube and through the opening in the globe top plate, and a plate carried by the guide-tube and working within the perforated tube to prevent the entrance of air through the carbon-opening into the globe.

7. In an arc-lamp, the combination of a tube formed with an air-chamber at its top and.

perforated below said air-chamber, a solenoidcoil surrounding the tube, a solenoid core working tightly within the tube, a guide-tube depending from the solenoid-core, a globe top plate secured to the lower end of the perforated tube and provided with a carbon-opening, and means for supporting acarbon within the guide-tube and through the carbon-opening.

8. In an arc-lamp, the combination of atube formed with an air-chamber at its top and perforated below said air-chamber, asolenoid-coil surrounding the tube, a solenoid-core working tightly within the tube, a guide-tube depend ing from the solenoid-core, a globe top plate secured to the lower end of the perforated tube and provided with a carbon-opening, means for supporting a carbon within the guide-tube and through the carbon-queuing, and a plate carried by the guide-tube and working within the perforated tube to prevent the entrance of air through the carbonopening into the globe.

9. In an arc-lamp, a means for preventing the contact between the positive electrode and the carrier of the negative electrode, comprising a spring, and an incombustible clutch moved by the spring, when the negative electrode is consumed, to a position be tween the positive electrode and the negative carrier.

10. In an arc-lamp, the combination of the solenoid-coil having a shunt-circuit, a solenoid-core, means carried by the core and forming one contact of the shunt-circuit, and another contact of the shunt-circuit in the path of the contact on the core, the two contacts being in engagement when the lamp is burning and out of engagement when the lamp is out.

11. In an are-lamp the combination of the solenoid-coil having a shunt-circuit, a solenoid-core, a rod carried by the upper end of the core and forming a contact of the shuntcircuit, and a spring forming another contact of the shuntcircuit, positioned above the core in the path of the rod so that when the core drops, it carries the rod out of contact with the spring to interrupt the shunt-circuit.

12. In an arc-lamp, the combination of a hollow solenoid-core closed at its upper end, a guide-tube secured in the lower end of the hollow core, a carbon-holder mounted in the guide-tube, an iron rod extending upwardly from the closed end of the core, a spring secured at one end to the iron rod, and means for regulating the tension of the spring. I

13. In an arc-lamp, the combination of aho1- low solenoid-core closed at its upper end, an air-clutch chamber located above the upper end of the core, a guide-tube secured in the lower end of the hollow core, acarbon-holder mounted in the guide-tube, an iron rod extending upwardly from the closed end of the core, a spring secured at one end to the iron rod, and means for regulating the tension of the spring. 14. In an arc-lamp, the combination of the perforated tube, a solenoid-core surrounding the upper end of the tube, regulating mechanism mounted within the perforated tube, and an outer tube concentrically surrounding the perforated tube, having a restricted portion near its lower end, a perforated portion and dome-shaped flanges surrounding the perforated portion.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EGIDIO VIALE.

Witnesses:

WOLDEMAR HAUP'I, HENRY HAsPuR. 

